Difference Between Access Control ID, IC and CPU card

Can’t the mobile phone simulate the access card? You need to know the difference between access control ID, IC and CPU card
“Who still uses the card now? With the mobile phone in hand, everything is fine.” This may be the voice of many people. Indeed, many cards are currently lying in the wallet, such as bank cards, membership cards, credit cards, access control cards, subway bus cards, etc., which can all be integrated into mobile phones. But many people may find that not all access cards can be simulated by mobile phones. Why? Why can’t some cards be copied, but some cards can be encrypted, so it is difficult to copy? Why do some cards need to be contacted, and some cards can be successfully recognized without contact? In the field of access control, what is the difference between common IC, ID, and CPU cards? Follow me to understand.

• 1. Access control ID card
  The full name of ID card is Identification card, and it is customarily called EM card and common radio frequency card. The simplest and most common radio frequency card is the low frequency 125KHz ID card, which is also the ID card in the security field. Now many old-style community access control is still this kind of card. It needs to be contacted and used and can be copied at will, but mobile phones cannot simulate ID access control. Card. The ID card has a read-only function and contains a unique 64b anti-rewrite password. The card number has been solidified before leaving the factory and is guaranteed to be unique in the world and can never be changed. Its cost is low, and it is mostly used in low-cost fields. It relies on the card reader to sense power and read the unique card number stored in the chip EEPROM. The card number is written once before the card is sealed and cannot be changed after the card is sealed. Passive and contact-free are the two most prominent features of this chip. It receives radio frequency energy from the card reader, generates power and clock for the chip, and uses wireless communication technology to achieve wireless communication between the card and the reader.
• 2. Access control IC card
  The common IC card in the field of access control is a non-contact IC card (radio frequency card, working at 13.56M frequency). The chips are all sealed in the card base without exposed parts. Information is exchanged through the induction of radio waves or electromagnetic fields. It is usually used for access control, Bus fare, subway fare and other occasions that need to be “flashed by”. For example, mobile phone sim cards, access control cards, employee cards, and membership cards are all IC cards, but in life, ID cards are called ID cards, which are actually IC cards. The mobile phone (with NFC function) analog access control card needs to meet two conditions at the same time: the access control IC card has a frequency of 13.56MHZ, and there is no encryption at the same time. The non-contact radio frequency IC card is also called MF1 card, the full name is mifare one card. Because the MIFARE ONE PHILIPS IC S50 produced by Philips in the Netherlands has become a similar industry standard, it is often called MF1 original card in the market, and the card compatible with the MF1S50 chip is called MF1 compatible card. Cards produced by Shanghai Fudan’s FM11RF08 chip, as well as cards produced with compatible S50 chips from Shanghai Huahong Company, Shanghai Belling Company, Hangzhou Silan Micro, German Siemens (now renamed Infineon), US ISSI Company, etc. . The integrated circuit in the MF1 card includes an encryption logic circuit and a programmable read-only memory EEPROM. The encryption logic circuit can protect the card and the data in the card to a certain extent, but it is only a low-level protection and cannot prevent malicious attacks.
• 3. Access control CPU card
  In layman’s terms, the CPU card chip refers to the chip containing a microprocessor, which functions as a microcomputer. The metal sheet on the integrated circuit card (IC card) that people often use is the CPU card chip. In other words, the CPU card is a type of IC card with a frequency of 13.56 MHz. The key advantage of the CPU card is encryption technology, supporting PBOC financial-level security standards, and bank card small-value secret-free transactions. It can be applied to many fields such as finance, insurance, traffic police, government industry, etc. It has the characteristics of large user space, fast reading speed, support for one card and multiple uses, and has been certified by the People’s Bank of China and the State Commission of Commerce and Industry. In terms of appearance, the CPU card is no different from ordinary IC cards and radio frequency cards, but its performance is greatly improved. Compared with ordinary IC cards, the security is much higher than that of ordinary IC cards. Usually the CPU card contains a random number generator, hardware DES, 3DES encryption algorithms, etc., and the operating system is the on-chip COS, also known as SoC.

The hardware structure of the CPU card: consists of three parts: CPU, memory and storage. The COS operating system is generally developed closely around the characteristics of the smart card it serves. As it is inevitably affected by the performance of the microprocessor chip in the smart card and the memory capacity, COS is to a large extent different from the operating systems (such as DOS, UNIX, etc.) that we usually see on microcomputers. A kind of COS can generally only be applied to a certain (or some) smart card, and the COS in different cards is generally different.

Summary: ID card has gradually withdrawn from the field of access control due to its easy copying and low security. The non-contact IC card can sense remotely and successfully open the door, and has been widely used in the field of access control. The CPU card has the highest security and can reach the financial level of security. The access control card used by Lingling to open the door is the CPU card. In the field, NFC usually refers to short-range wireless communication technology. It evolved from RFID and is backward compatible with RFID. It is naturally compatible with IC cards. It is also an upgrade of technology and includes more and more advanced functions, such as mobile phones. Card simulation.